Monday, June 17, 2013

Big Data, Small Towns, and Big Brother in Drag



Revelations about government snooping and corporate data mining don’t shock me. When I was a kid, our phone was tapped repeatedly, and a local Big Brother knew everything about us. Big Brother’s name was Pauline, the town switchboard operator. She gathered data more efficiently than the NSA, but unlike the overlord in Orwell’s famous novel, Pauline was liked and respected.

Many rural folks used the party-line telephone system during the first half of the 20th century. Subscribers saved money by joining a group, and each of the six or eight households had its own identifying ring. Ours was two shorts and a long, and when anyone in our house was on the phone, no one else in the group could use the line. If I called my fourth-grade buddy about the baseball cards I was taking to the next day’s show-and-tell, the other families had to wait to use the phone.

The system had obvious drawbacks. Any member of the party line could listen in, and some became expert snoops. If you heard the specific ring for another household, you could carefully lift the receiver and hear about Bernice’s lumbago or the cattle Albert bought at the Lawn Hill Livestock Sale. If you sneezed or dropped the receiver, the gig was up.

Pauline had control of the links, lines, and metadata. She sat at the main server in our town of 511 people, and her talents ranged from plugging in the right connectors to building her own type of rural algorithm. She needed to listen in to know that callers hooked up, and at times, she did some data mining to help out. If Alice called to get a message to her husband Roy at the feed store, Pauline might say, “Well Alice, I just saw him cross the street and go into Johnson’s Hardware. I’ll ring there.” I’m not sure what Pauline would have said if Roy had ambled down the street to the pool hall for a beer.

Pauline could make a general ring when the need arose—town events or emergencies. She was a combination of Google search, a 911 call center, and Twitter. Her tweets might be about severe weather, a kid lost in a cornfield, or some local boy just back from military service. Her messages were a lot clearer and more relevant than most tweets that float in the digital world now.

A few members of our party line were tweeters—concise and quick. But others were bloggers—they chronicled every detail of their exciting day. “Raymond spent all morning working on that greasy tractor engine, and I’ve been baking cookies. Now here’s the recipe I picked up at the church social.”

I was barely a teenager when the system ended, so my social media habits were juvenile at best. Kids like me were more into spamming than eavesdropping. For example, a young man down the road spent hours matching sighs on our party line with his girlfriend. “Whatcha doin?” Sigh. Pause. “Not much.” She’d sigh. “You?” Sigh. “Me too.”  That’s about the time a ten-year-old like me would make a Three Stooges noise into the phone in hopes they would finally hang up so I could call Nick to find out what Eddie Haskell did on last night’s episode of Leave It to Beaver.

Like the Big Data of today, the party line was a double-edged sword. We got to know the neighbors, and the town’s Big Brother gave us a certain sense of community. And as with the digital world, privacy was almost nonexistent. We had an open Facebook without the visuals, and sometimes the imagination conjures up better images than awkward family pics.
  
But unlike today, the data we mined seemed a bit less edgy. Pauline’s general message about the weekend horse show in town probably wouldn’t stir the attention of homeland security. And my wiretapping of the young lovers down the road had me thinking romance was meaningless and boring. Sigh. 
by dan gogerty (photo from homestretch-annie.blogspot)

Tuesday, June 11, 2013

Health Food and Vending Machines—a Contradiction of Terms?



Note: Doc Callahan, retired professor, part-time farmer, and full-time pontificator, occasionally adds his advice column expertise to our blog. Doc’s viewpoints are not necessarily those held by CAST—or, frankly, anyone else.

Matching Wits with a Vending Machine

I’ve had several love-hate relationships with vending machines, and sure enough, other people seem to have parallel experiences, as these inquiries demonstrate. Also, check below for some useful links about all this.

Dear Doc,
The school board voted to take Cheetos, Pop Tarts, and candy bars out of our school cafeteria vending machine. I’m an active 14-year old. Carrot sticks and raisins won’t get me through Mrs. Kerfawful’s afternoon writing class. Sugar-starved in St. Louis

Dear Sugar-starved,
You kids are caught in another adult battle, and you’ll hear words like “healthful, choice, and obesity.” I’m not much for mandates, but in the future, you might be glad you missed the diabetes train because someone vetoed the junk food. In my day, we had other means of staying awake during classes—spit wads, rubber bands, and rude noises. Ask your school to install a vending machine that sells those.  Doc

Dear Doc,
Maybe I’ve been watching too much science fiction, but I swear the vending machine at work has human traits. If my dollar bill has the slightest wrinkle, the machine spits it back out and seems to make a mechanical jeering sound. When I’m desperate for a savory snack, the machine makes sure the bag of peanuts gets stuck in a spot just out of reach. And the Dr Pepper “sold out” light is never on even when that choice is all gone. I’m forced to drink Mountain Dew! Do you think the machine is picking on me?  Paranoid in Peoria


Dear Paranoid,
I’ve lost numerous battles with vending machines, so I know what you mean. I worked in Japan—the vending machine paradise—and the drink machines were like cyber sirens. “Irasshiamasu,” it would say to welcome me in a female, robotic voice. Then the paper cup would drop into the slot on its side and the Fanta Orange would dribble off into the drain. But the machine would stay positive as it thanked me, “Arigato Gozaimashita.” You could get just about anything but handguns in Japanese vending machines—whiskey, potted plants, dress shirts. But that was years ago. With smartphones and apps, you won’t be outwitted by vending machines anymore. You’ll be ignored. Your iPhone will have a meaningful conversation with a sandwich machine. Your phone already knows what you want for lunch. Doc

Dear Doc,
The National Alliance for Nutrition and Activity (NANA) set standards for food and beverages in vending machines. My boss has gone gung ho about these recommendations, and now I’m suffering at the office. The vending machine in our lounge has granola, juice, and something called Organic Berfunkle. By 10:00 a.m. I start getting Twinkies tremors, and in the afternoon a lack of high fructose makes me feel low and lethargic. This NANA word seems more like “nanny” to me. Any ideas?  Hungry for Freedom in Philly

Dear Hungry,
Many agree with you that we should be able to choose snacks without Big Brother watching. Others think junk food pushers have used ads and sugar addiction to make us all think we have choice when it’s actually a selection among heart problems, diabetes, and obesity. At my age, my “sweet tooths” have fallen out, so I no longer think lemon drops, jelly beans, and candied orange slices provide three of the basic food groups. I even eat broccoli, kale, and tofu now—by choice. But I still like having options, so I advise that you try some of the healthy stuff—and then smuggle in jelly-filled donuts as needed. Just remember to wipe the powdered sugar and raspberry filling off your keyboard before your job evaluation session. Doc  

** Related sites:  1. Why healthful vending machines might hurt the blind.   2. The wild and wonderful world of Japanese vending machines.  3. Pepsi’s latest vending machine gives you a free Pepsi in exchange for a ‘like’ on Facebook.  

dan gogerty (photo from toxel.com)

Thursday, June 6, 2013

Bovine Emissions and Bossy the Flatulent Cow

UPDATE: June 2013--Belching cows are in the spotlight as a team of international scientists hopes to breed a herd of burpless cows. According to the Evening Telegraph, the University of Aberdeen is leading the $10 million project. The hope is to increase the efficiency of ruminant farming, while decreasing its environmental impact. Scroll down for more links about agriculture and air quality.


Squeeze, Don't Pull (edited from an earlier blog on this site)

During the past decade, interest groups and stakeholders on all sides have spoken up about air quality, and a few scaremongers from the extremes have used the debate to further causes or raise money. Most of us realize that cow emissions are not the major reason why polar bears are having trouble locating solid ice floes. On the other hand, those who claimed the EPA wanted to impose a livestock flatulence tax were probably getting a bit hyperbolic.
Bovine air emissions weren’t much of a concern when I hand-milked our family cow in the 1960s. Personal
experience taught me to be more worried about Bossy’s solid particulates. As noted Midwest writer Michael Perry says, it’s foolish to stand behind a sneezing cow. And the old Guernsey had other ways to vex a 13-year-old kid, like coming in for milk time with a mud-caked udder or twitching at a fly violently enough to kick over a partially filled bucket. It was years later when I first learned of CO2 concentrations and climate change possibilities.
Today, the real pollution might be coming from the alarmists on both sides: those who blindly push for regulations without knowing the facts or the consequences, and those who loudly attack any regulations no matter how beneficial they might be.
The best way to clear the air is through the use of unbiased research and scientific analysis. The Council for Agricultural Science and Technology has two publications dealing with air quality. 
·         Air Issues Associated with Animal Agriculture: A North American Perspective: A team of experts led by Dr. Larry Jacobson examine a large amount of data and go beyond the generalizations and accusations often associated with the air quality topic. Dr. Frank Mitloehner presented the timely material at three rollout events in Washington, D.C. The paper and a video of the presentation are available here

Readers can also access an "Ag quickCAST" of this paper--a one-page summary of the information. Many other Ag quickCASTs are also available on the CAST website

· Carbon Sequestration and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in U.S. Agriculture: Challenges and Opportunities for Mitigation.  With input from 22 experts, this 116-page Task Force Report provides up-to-date information on the science of carbon sequestration and GHG mitigation for various sectors of U.S. agriculture, including logistical and economic considerations for implementing practices designed to reduce this country's GHG emissions from agriculture.

Credible research, thoughtful debate, and sensible policymaking will help achieve what we need: a strong ag economy and a safe environment. Back on my boyhood farm, we needed the milk, and even though I’m not much for rules, occasionally I wished someone would have regulated Bossy. I put up with a few of her tail-slaps to the head while I was milking, but when the tail contained solid cow emissions, it was time to clean up my environment. Where was the EPA when I needed it?  by dan gogerty

Note: photo from Flicker, CushingMemorialLibrary